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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Subscription journal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Subscription journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Подписной журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2411-8729</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2409-4161</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">16229</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/fm16229</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">RIXURU</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Case reports</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Экспертная практика</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>临床病例报告</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Reconstruction of fall-related injury circumstances: a case report</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Реконструкция условий образования травмы от падения: описание случая</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>跌落致伤情形重建：一例法医学案例分析</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3635-6845</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4066-6630</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Svetlakov</surname><given-names>Andrey V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Светлаков</surname><given-names>Андрей Вадимович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Svetlakov</surname><given-names>Andrey V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor</p></bio><email>a_svetlakov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1045-5677</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1895-7300</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khalikov</surname><given-names>Airat A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Халиков</surname><given-names>Айрат Анварович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Khalikov</surname><given-names>Airat A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><email>airat.expert@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3889-8023</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7171-5767</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sotin</surname><given-names>Aleksandr V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сотин</surname><given-names>Александр Валерьевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Sotin</surname><given-names>Aleksandr V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Engineering), Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат технических наук, доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Cand. Sci. (Engineering), Assistant Professor</p></bio><email>sotin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Academician Ye.A. Vagner Perm State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Пермский государственный медицинский университет имени академика Е.А. Вагнера</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Academician Ye.A. Vagner Perm State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Bashkir State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Башкирский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Bashkir State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Perm National Research Polytechnic University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Пермский национальный исследовательский политехнический университет</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Perm National Research Polytechnic University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><content-language>ru</content-language><content-language>en</content-language><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-07-25" publication-format="electronic"><day>25</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-08-27" publication-format="electronic"><day>27</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>176</fpage><lpage>184</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-12-04"><day>04</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-04-01"><day>01</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2025,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2027-08-27"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nginx.mia-letum.ru/subscr/article/view/16229">https://nginx.mia-letum.ru/subscr/article/view/16229</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>It is not always possible to solve the expert task of determining the circumstances of injury based solely on forensic medical examination findings. In certain cases, analyzing the incident using mathematical calculations allows for the reconstruction of the circumstances under which mechanical trauma occurred.</p> <p>This paper presents a forensic case that demonstrates the effectiveness of biomechanical (mathematical) analysis as part of a comprehensive forensic biomechanical analysis in reconstructing the circumstances of mechanical trauma resulting from a woman’s fall from the 10th floor under uncertain conditions.</p> <p>The body of a young woman was discovered on the lawn near a residential building. She had fallen from the balcony window of her apartment on the 10th floor, where she lived with her partner. The Investigative Committee of Russia opened a criminal case based on signs of a potential crime. The woman’s partner claimed she jumped out of the window herself; however, the collected intelligence called his account into question. To address the key investigative question—whether any initial velocity had been imparted to the victim’s body prior to the fall—a comprehensive forensic biomechanical analysis was conducted by forensic medical experts and a mathematical engineer. The constructed mathematical model made it possible to determine which part of the body would have received the impact in the case of a spontaneous fall, i.e., without any external mechanical force. A comparison of the actual medical data and the calculated results revealed that the victim’s body had gained additional initial velocity prior to the fall.</p> <p>This case demonstrates how a computational experiment can be used as a digital tool to help experts choose between several mechanical injury scenarios.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Решение экспертной задачи по установлению обстоятельств образования травмы исключительно на основе судебно-медицинских данных не всегда возможно. В некоторых случаях использование математических расчётов для анализа динамики происшествия позволяет определить условия возникновения механической травмы.</p> <p>На примере экспертного наблюдения продемонстрирована эффективность биомеханического (математического) анализа в рамках комплексной судебной динамико-кинематической экспертизы при реконструкции обстоятельств механической травмы от падения с 10 этажа женщины в условиях неочевидности.</p> <p>На газоне возле жилого дома был обнаружен труп молодой женщины, выпавшей из окна лоджии своей квартиры, расположенной на 10 этаже, где она проживала вместе со своим сожителем. По признакам преступления Следственным комитетом России было возбуждено уголовное дело. По словам сожителя погибшей она сама выбросилась из окна, однако оперативные данные позволили поставить под сомнение достоверность его показаний. Для решения ключевого вопроса следствия о том была ли придана какая-либо «начальная скорость» телу погибшей непосредственно перед её падением назначена комплексная судебная динамико-кинематическая экспертиза с участием судебно-медицинских экспертов и инженера-математика. Построенная математическая модель позволила определить, на какую часть тела должно было прийтись падение пострадавшей при самопроизвольном падении, т. е. при отсутствии дополнительного внешнего силового воздействия. Сопоставление фактических медицинских данных с расчётными показало, что перед падением тело пострадавшей получило дополнительную начальную скорость.</p> <p>Описанный в работе экспертный случай демонстрирует применение вычислительного эксперимента в качестве цифрового инструментария для объективного экспертного выбора одной из альтернативных версий образования механической травмы.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p>仅凭法医学数据确定损伤形成的具体情形在实践中并非总是可行。在某些情况下，借助数学计算对事件动力学的分析，可用于重建机械性损伤的形成条件。</p> <p>以一名女性从十楼坠落的法医学案例为例，展示在缺乏目击证据的情况下，生物力学（数学）分析在综合动力-运动学法医学鉴定中对跌落致伤情形重建的有效性。</p> <p>一名年轻女性的尸体被发现于居民楼外的草坪上，其公寓位于第十层，她与男友共同居住。由于存在犯罪嫌疑，俄罗斯联邦侦查委员会对该事件立案调查。男友称其跳楼自尽，但现场调查资料对其供述的真实性提出质疑。为解决死者坠落前是否受到附加“初速度”作用的问题，指定开展由法医专家与工程数学专家共同参与的综合动力-运动学法医学鉴定。构建的数学模型使专家能够判断在无额外外力作用的情况下，即在自发跌落的情形下，身体应首先接触地面的部位。将实际的医学资料与计算结果进行对比后发现，死者坠落前身体确实获得了额外的初始速度。</p> <p>本案例展示了计算模拟作为数字化工具在法医学中用于客观选择机械性损伤多种可能形成机制之一的应用价值。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>fall-related injury forensic case</kwd><kwd>case study</kwd><kwd>injury biomechanics</kwd><kwd>mathematical model</kwd><kwd>comprehensive forensic biomechanical analysis</kwd><kwd>case report</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>экспертный случай травмы от падения</kwd><kwd>ситуационное исследование</kwd><kwd>биомеханика происшествия</kwd><kwd>математическая модель</kwd><kwd>комплексная медицинская динамико-кинематическая экспертиза</kwd><kwd>клинический случай</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>跌落致伤法医学案例</kwd><kwd>情境分析</kwd><kwd>事件生物力学</kwd><kwd>数学模型</kwd><kwd>综合动力-运动学法医学鉴定</kwd><kwd>临床案例</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Kovalev AV, Zabrodsky YaD, Samokhodskaya OV. 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