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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Subscription journal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Subscription journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Подписной журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2411-8729</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2409-4161</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">16230</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/fm16230</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">LOQOMZ</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>科学评论</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Current practice of using biophysical techniques to assess postmortem interval and mechanical injuries: a review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Современное состояние вопроса применения биофизических методов при оценке давности наступления смерти и механических повреждений: обзор</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>现代生物物理方法在评估死后经过时间和机械性损伤中的应用现状：综述</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2534-6385</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8904-2046</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mustafina</surname><given-names>Gulgena R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мустафина</surname><given-names>Гульгена Раисовна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Mustafina</surname><given-names>Gulgena R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine) Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine) Assistant Professor</p></bio><email>gulgenarm@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1045-5677</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1895-7300</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khalikov</surname><given-names>Airat A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Халиков</surname><given-names>Айрат Анварович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Khalikov</surname><given-names>Airat A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><email>airat.expert@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2405-1801</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3053-3773</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsov</surname><given-names>Kirill O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецов</surname><given-names>Кирилл Олегович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Kuznetsov</surname><given-names>Kirill O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD</p></bio><email>kuznetsovarticles@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Bashkir State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Башкирский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Bashkir State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><content-language>ru</content-language><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2026-01-27" publication-format="electronic"><day>27</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-03-04" publication-format="electronic"><day>04</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>388</fpage><lpage>398</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-12-05"><day>05</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-09-01"><day>01</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2028-03-04"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nginx.mia-letum.ru/subscr/article/view/16230">https://nginx.mia-letum.ru/subscr/article/view/16230</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article analyzes the biophysical techniques currently used in forensic medicine to determine the post-mortem interval and identify characteristic changes in the tissues and organs of corpses. The review covers a wide range of methods, including thermophysical, optical, and impedance-based approaches, as well as advanced technologies such as mathematical modeling of algor mortis processes and tissue injury assessment.</p> <p>The article emphasizes the importance of integrating biophysical techniques into forensic practices to improve diagnostic precision and investigative outcomes. This review combines theoretical and experimental approaches to provide more profound insights into the underlying mechanisms of the discussed techniques. This work is relevant because of the need to integrate new technologies and techniques into forensic practices and to optimize existing approaches.</p> <p>The authors emphasize the significance of an interdisciplinary data analysis to facilitate more accurate post-mortem interval estimation and better characterization of mechanical injuries, offering great potential for future research in this field.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Статья посвящена анализу актуальных биофизических методов, используемых в судебной медицине для определения давности наступления смерти и характерных изменений в тканях и органах трупов. В обзоре рассмотрен широкий спектр методов, включая теплофизические, оптические и импедансометрические подходы, а также современные технологические разработки, такие как математическое моделирование процессов охлаждения трупа и оценка повреждений тканей.</p> <p>Статья акцентирует внимание на практическом применении биофизических исследований в судебно-экспертной практике, подчёркивая их значимость для повышения точности диагностических заключений и эффективности расследования уголовных дел. Обзор содержит как теоретические аспекты, так и результаты экспериментальных исследований, что способствует более глубокому пониманию механизмов, лежащих в основе рассматриваемых методов. Актуальность данной работы обусловлена необходимостью интеграции новых технологий и методов в судебно-медицинскую практику, а также оптимизации существующих подходов.</p> <p>В статье авторы подчёркивают важность междисциплинарного подхода к анализу данных, что позволяет более эффективно решать задачи определения времени смерти и механических повреждений, а также открывает перспективы для дальнейших исследований в этой области.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p>本文系统分析了法医学中用于确定死后经过时间及尸体组织器官特征性变化的现代生物物理方法。本综述涵盖了一系列广泛的方法，包括热物理学、光学及阻抗测量学方法，以及诸如尸体冷却过程数学建模与组织损伤评估等现代技术进展。文章着重强调了生物物理研究在法医学鉴定实践中的具体应用，并指出其对于提高诊断结论准确性及刑事案件调查效率的重要意义。综述内容既包含理论层面，也涉及实验研究成果，从而有助于更深入地理解这些方法背后的作用机制。本项工作的现实意义在于，法医学实践亟需整合新型技术方法并对现有路径进行优化。此外，文中还强调了采用跨学科数据分析方法的重要性，该方法不仅能更有效地解决死亡时间与机械性损伤的判定问题，也为该领域的未来研究指明了方向。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>biophysical phenomena</kwd><kwd>post-mortem interval</kwd><kwd>mechanical injuries</kwd><kwd>forensic medicine</kwd><kwd>thermography</kwd><kwd>optical imaging</kwd><kwd>impedancemetry</kwd><kwd>mathematical simulation</kwd><kwd>forensic medical examination</kwd><kwd>tissue changes</kwd><kwd>review</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>биофизические методы</kwd><kwd>давность наступления смерти</kwd><kwd>механические повреждения</kwd><kwd>судебная медицина</kwd><kwd>теплофизические исследования</kwd><kwd>оптические методы</kwd><kwd>импедансометрия</kwd><kwd>математическое моделирование</kwd><kwd>судебно-медицинская экспертиза</kwd><kwd>тканевые изменения</kwd><kwd>обзор</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>生物物理方法</kwd><kwd>死后经过时间</kwd><kwd>机械性损伤</kwd><kwd>法医学</kwd><kwd>热物理研究</kwd><kwd>光学方法</kwd><kwd>阻抗测量</kwd><kwd>数学建模</kwd><kwd>法医学检验</kwd><kwd>组织变化</kwd><kwd>综述</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Kil’dyushov EM, Ermakova YuV, Tumanov EV, Kuznetsova GS. 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