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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Subscription journal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Subscription journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Подписной журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2411-8729</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2409-4161</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">16240</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/fm16240</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">CZGKKF</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Case reports</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Экспертная практика</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>临床病例报告</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Forensic medical and toxicological expertise in a case of administrative license revocation: organizational and methodological considerations (a case report)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Использование специальных знаний в области судебной медицины и токсикологии в деле о лишении права управления автомобилем: организационно-методические выводы (описание случая)</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>在机动车驾驶证吊销案件中运用法医学与毒理学专门知识：组织与方法方面的结论</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3132-8522</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5122-0242</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsov</surname><given-names>Semyon V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецов</surname><given-names>Семён Валерьевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Kuznetsov</surname><given-names>Semyon V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor</p></bio><email>Nachsml@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4343-4656</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7439-0540</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Molin</surname><given-names>Yuri A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Молин</surname><given-names>Юрий Александрович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Molin</surname><given-names>Yuri A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><email>juri.molin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4472-6546</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5828-0337</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Reiniuk</surname><given-names>Vladimir L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рейнюк</surname><given-names>Владимир Леонидович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Reiniuk</surname><given-names>Vladimir L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor</p></bio><email>institute@toxicology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2815-3108</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6059-1125</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sinenchenko</surname><given-names>Andrej G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Синенченко</surname><given-names>Андрей Георгиевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Sinenchenko</surname><given-names>Andrej G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor</p></bio><email>andreysin2013@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8636-9858</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6286-3797</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Balabanova</surname><given-names>Olga L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балабанова</surname><given-names>Ольга Леонидовна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Balabanova</surname><given-names>Olga L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor</p></bio><email>o.l.ya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2690-5200</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1576-7890</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Antonova</surname><given-names>Anna M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Антонова</surname><given-names>Анна Михайловна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Antonova</surname><given-names>Anna M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><email>ama-spb@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2693-6283</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9446-5175</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Batotsyrenov</surname><given-names>Chimit B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Батоцыренов</surname><given-names>Чимит Баирович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Batotsyrenov</surname><given-names>Chimit B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio><p>MD</p></bio><email>steelfire282@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0820-8471</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1618-1510</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Demidova</surname><given-names>Ekaterina O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демидова</surname><given-names>Екатерина Олеговна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Demidova</surname><given-names>Ekaterina O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio><p>MD</p></bio><email>bedskaya.667@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3863-3602</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6563-9541</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Varioshkin</surname><given-names>Pavel N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вариошкин</surname><given-names>Павел Николаевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Varioshkin</surname><given-names>Pavel N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio><p>MD</p></bio><email>zonner17@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2531-410X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3810-1510</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pshennikova</surname><given-names>Darya A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пшенникова</surname><given-names>Дарья Алексеевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Pshennikova</surname><given-names>Darya A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio><p>MD</p></bio><email>dneoberdina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6036-4581</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sukhonos</surname><given-names>Nickodim Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сухонос</surname><given-names>Никодим Юрьевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Sukhonos</surname><given-names>Nickodim Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>Kazisuv1@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6310-4797</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4886-8890</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lodiagin</surname><given-names>Georgy A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лодягин</surname><given-names>Георгий  Алексеевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Lodiagin</surname><given-names>Georgy A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>glodyagin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institution Golikov Research Clinical Center of Toxicology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-клинический центр токсикологии имени академика С.Н. Голикова</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Institution Golikov Research Clinical Center of Toxicology</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет имени И.И. Мечникова</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Saint-Petersburg Institute of emergency care named after I.I. Dzhanelidze</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи имени И.И. Джанелидзе</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Saint-Petersburg Institute of emergency care named after I.I. Dzhanelidze</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kirov Military Medical Academy</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Военно-медицинская академия имени С.М. Кирова</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Kirov Military Medical Academy</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff6"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Almazov National Medical Research Center</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр имени В.А. Алмазова</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Almazov National Medical Research Center</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><content-language>ru</content-language><content-language>en</content-language><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-07-23" publication-format="electronic"><day>23</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-08-27" publication-format="electronic"><day>27</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>185</fpage><lpage>195</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-12-28"><day>28</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-04-22"><day>22</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2025,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2027-08-27"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nginx.mia-letum.ru/subscr/article/view/16240">https://nginx.mia-letum.ru/subscr/article/view/16240</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article discusses the controversial aspects of conducting medical examinations for intoxication. This work is based on a case report on determining the legitimacy of administrative license revocation, which involved a forensic medicine and toxicology expert.</p> <p>A detailed chronology is provided, from the moment the driver was stopped by a traffic police officer and suspended from driving for an alcohol intoxication test, to the ruling by the magistrates’ court, which was later upheld by the court of cassation.</p> <p>This case study illustrates errors in interpreting the findings of chemical tests for intoxication, which occur when psychoactive substances are incorrectly identified in human biological fluids. This case of γ-butyrolactone detection in a professional car driver highlights the inadmissibility of unreliable methods for chemical compound identification. Moreover, the paper emphasizes insufficient training of clinical laboratory diagnostics physicians, addresses the issue of an overly mechanistic approach to their work, and proposes potential solutions to the identified shortcomings.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В статье рассмотрены спорные аспекты проведения медицинского освидетельствования на состояние опьянения. Материалом для настоящей статьи послужил практический случай содействия специалиста в области судебной медицины и токсикологии при рассмотрении вопроса о правомерности лишения права управления автомобилем по административному делу.</p> <p>В статье приведена подробная хронология событий с момента, когда инспектор дорожно-постовой службы останавливает водителя автомобиля и отстраняет его от управления транспортным средством для проведения освидетельствования на состояние алкогольного опьянения, до вынесения решения мировым судьёй и его последующего утверждения судом кассационной инстанции.</p> <p>На основе анализа реального случая из практики мы продемонстрировали ошибки в интерпретации результатов химико-токсикологических исследований, возникающие при недостоверном определении психоактивных веществ в биологических жидкостях человека. На примере конкретного случая выявления γ-бутиролактона у профессионального водителя легкового автомобиля представлены аргументы в пользу недопустимости использования недостоверных методик идентификации химических соединений. Дополнительно выявлены недостатки в подготовке врачей клинической лабораторной диагностики, освещена проблема недопустимости механистического подхода в их работе, а также предложены пути устранения имеющихся недоработок.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p>本文探讨了在进行醉酒状态医学检查过程中存在的争议性问题。研究材料基于一例实践案例，即在一起行政案件中，法医学与毒理学专家协助审查吊销机动车驾驶证合法性的过程。</p> <p>详细呈现了事件的时间顺序——从交通巡逻警察拦停一名机动车驾驶员，并当场将其停止驾驶车辆以进行酒精醉酒状态检查开始，直到治安法官作出裁决，该裁决随后由上诉法院维持原判。</p> <p>通过对该真实案例的分析，表明在化学—毒理学检验中，由于对人体生物液体中精神活性物质的鉴定不可靠而产生的结果解释错误。以在一名职业小客车驾驶员体内检出γ-丁内酯的案例为例，提出了反对采用不可靠化学物质鉴定方法的论据。此外，还发现了临床检验诊断医师培训中的不足，指出了其工作中机械化方法的不可取性，并提出了改进现有不足的途径。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>forensic medical examination</kwd><kwd>toxicology</kwd><kwd>psychoactive substance</kwd><kwd>chemical tests for intoxication</kwd><kwd>γ-butyrolactone</kwd><kwd>methadone</kwd><kwd>barbiturates</kwd><kwd>hallucinogenic mushrooms</kwd><kwd>ethylene glycol</kwd><kwd>methanol</kwd><kwd>case report</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>судебно-медицинская экспертиза</kwd><kwd>токсикология</kwd><kwd>психоактивное вещество</kwd><kwd>химико-токсикологическое исследование</kwd><kwd>γ-бутиролактон</kwd><kwd>метадон</kwd><kwd>барбитураты</kwd><kwd>галлюциногенные грибы</kwd><kwd>этиленгликоль</kwd><kwd>метанол</kwd><kwd>клинический случай</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>法医学鉴定</kwd><kwd>毒理学</kwd><kwd>精神活性物质</kwd><kwd>化学—毒理学检验</kwd><kwd>γ-丁内酯</kwd><kwd>美沙酮</kwd><kwd>巴比妥类</kwd><kwd>致幻蘑菇</kwd><kwd>乙二醇</kwd><kwd>甲醇</kwd><kwd>临床病例</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Klimenko TV, Klevno VA, Maksimov AV. 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